老何的全口重建課程前導影片-4 (English-key-points)
主題是數位臉部掃描在全口重建中的應用與重要性。影片詳細討論了各種臉部掃描技術，包含斷層掃描、紅外線掃描、自行架設攝影機陣列以及專業臉部掃描機等，並比較其優缺點，尤其著重於影像品質對牙科治療規劃的影響。 老何醫師強調，精準的臉部掃描能與牙齒、咬合器等數據整合，建構虛擬病人模型(virtual patient)，協助醫師進行更精確的美觀與功能性治療規劃，並進一步說明如何在面弓定位(facebow mounting)過程中，利用臉部掃描數據提升準確度，達成「看到咬合器如同看到人」的目標。 最後，影片也提到患者自我評估的重要性以及不同拍攝角度、透視感對治療規劃的影響，並強調高品質影像在臨床應用上的必要性。
NotebookLM podcast
解析數位臉部掃描技術在全口重建中的應用
何偉宏醫師在影片中，系統性地闡述了數位臉部掃描技術在全口重建治療中的重要性，並深入淺出地解析其應用方式，讓牙醫師及民眾能理解這項先進技術的優勢。
一、 臉部掃描技術：數位牙科的基石
影片首先介紹了目前臨床常用的幾種臉部掃描技術，並分析了它們各自的特性和適用範圍：
- 斷層掃描： 如同醫學影像學中的 X 光片，可以穿透軟組織，清晰呈現骨骼和牙齒的結構。 斷層掃描的優勢在於能提供患者全面的口腔資訊，但缺點是無法捕捉到頭髮和表情的細節，缺乏美觀上的參考價值。
- 紅外線掃描： 類似於智慧型手機的人臉辨識功能，可以快速捕捉臉部特徵，但對於牙齒和嘴唇等細節的捕捉不夠精準，較難應用於精密的牙科治療。
- 結構光掃描： 透過投射特定光線，並分析其反射資訊，以建立高精度的 3D 模型。 結構光掃描在捕捉嘴唇、牙齒和中線等細節方面表現出色，是目前牙科治療評估的重要工具。
- 照片合成： 透過多角度拍攝照片，並利用軟體進行合成，可以建立逼真的 3D 模型。 但此方法需要搭建專業的相機陣列，並進行繁瑣的軟體設定，操作門檻較高。
二、 虛擬患者：邁向精準治療的關鍵
臉部掃描技術的最終目的是建立一個虛擬的患者模型 (virtual patient)，這個模型整合了患者的斷層掃描、臉部掃描、數位面弓和口內掃描等多種數據，如同數位化的分身，完整呈現患者的口腔資訊。 透過虛擬患者模型，醫生可以更精準地進行治療計畫和設計，預測治療效果，並與患者進行更有效的溝通。
三、 咬合器：連接虛擬與現實的橋樑
影片著重介紹了如何將臉部掃描數據與咬合器進行整合，以實現「所見即所得」的治療效果。
- 面弓： 面弓是確定患者顱骨與下頜骨空間關係的工具，透過耳珠到眼角的距離，可以推算出顳顎關節的位置，進而將臉部資訊與牙齒位置關聯起來。 面弓的後方設定點通常依靠耳朵，前方設定點則可以參考額頭、鼻子凹陷處或上顎門牙的距離。 影片特別提到了面弓水平面與美觀線可能存在偏差的問題，需要醫生在操作過程中注意調整。
- 水平面和中線： 影片強調了在進行臉部掃描和咬合器整合時，水平面和中線的準確性至關重要。 水平面通常需要通過兩隻眼睛來確定，而中線則需要參考鼻樑、人中等面部特徵。 影片提醒醫生需要注意患者左右耳珠高度可能存在差異，並建議使用臉部掃描數據進行調整。
- 不同咬合器系統： 不同的咬合器系統有著不同的參考平面設定方式，例如 Artex 咬合器接近美觀線、Hanau 咬合器使用法蘭克福平面、Stratus 咬合器使用坎波斯線等。 醫生需要熟悉自己所使用的咬合器系統，才能準確地將臉部和咬合器整合。
四、 患者自我評估：打造理想笑容的關鍵
影片最後強調了患者自我評估的重要性，鼓勵患者積極參與治療過程，與醫生共同打造理想的笑容。
- 影片建議患者使用手拿鏡或梳妝台的鏡子，仔細觀察自己的面部特徵，並與醫生溝通自己的喜好和期望。
- 此外，影片也提到了透視感在牙科治療中的重要性。 由於人眼觀察事物存在透視現象，醫生需要根據患者的社交距離和視覺習慣，調整牙齒的設計，才能達到最佳的美觀效果。
總結
影片以專業的角度，深入淺出地解析了數位臉部掃描技術在全口重建治療中的應用，並強調了患者自我評估的重要性。 影片內容豐富，講解清晰，對於想要了解數位牙科技術的觀眾來說，是一部非常值得觀看的影片。
=============================================================================
Analysis of Digital Facial Scanning Technology in Full-Arch Reconstruction
In this video, Dr. Wei-Hong He systematically explains the importance of digital facial scanning technology in full-arch reconstruction treatments. He provides an accessible yet in-depth analysis of its applications, helping both dental professionals and the public understand the advantages of this advanced technology.
I. Facial Scanning Technology: The Foundation of Digital Dentistry
The video begins by introducing several commonly used clinical facial scanning techniques, highlighting their features and appropriate applications:
• Tomographic Scanning:
Similar to X-rays in medical imaging, it penetrates soft tissue to clearly present the structure of bones and teeth. Its advantage lies in providing comprehensive oral information, but it lacks aesthetic references as it cannot capture details like hair and facial expressions.
• Infrared Scanning:
Comparable to facial recognition in smartphones, it quickly captures facial features but lacks precision in capturing details of teeth and lips, making it less suitable for precise dental treatments.
• Structured Light Scanning:
By projecting specific light patterns and analyzing reflected data, this method creates high-precision 3D models. Structured light scanning excels at capturing details such as lips, teeth, and midline, making it a vital tool for dental treatment planning.
• Photo Composition:
Through multi-angle photography and software synthesis, this method creates realistic 3D models. However, it requires specialized camera arrays and complex software setups, making it less accessible.
II. Virtual Patient: The Key to Precision Treatment
The ultimate goal of facial scanning technology is to create a virtual patient model. This model integrates various data, including tomographic scans, facial scans, digital facebow, and intraoral scans, forming a digital replica that comprehensively represents the patient’s oral structure.
Using this virtual patient model, clinicians can design precise treatment plans, predict outcomes, and communicate more effectively with patients.
III. The Articulator: Bridging the Virtual and Real Worlds
The video focuses on how to integrate facial scanning data with an articulator to achieve “what you see is what you get” treatment results.
• Facebow:
A facebow determines the spatial relationship between the patient’s skull and mandible. By referencing the distance between the ear and the eye corner, the temporomandibular joint position can be calculated, linking facial information with tooth positioning.
• The posterior reference point is typically the ears, while the anterior reference can be the forehead, nasal depression, or the distance to the upper central incisors.
• The video points out potential discrepancies between the facebow horizontal plane and the aesthetic line, requiring careful adjustments during operation.
• Horizontal Plane and Midline:
The accuracy of the horizontal plane and midline is critical in integrating facial scanning and the articulator.
• The horizontal plane is generally determined by the line connecting the two eyes, while the midline is referenced against facial features like the nasal bridge and philtrum.
• The video cautions clinicians to account for potential height differences between the patient’s ears and suggests using facial scan data for adjustments.
• Different Articulator Systems:
Various articulator systems have different reference plane settings:
• Artex articulator aligns with the aesthetic plane.
• Hanau articulator uses the Frankfurt plane.
• Stratus articulator follows the Camper’s line.
Clinicians must be familiar with their chosen articulator system to accurately integrate facial scans and occlusal data.
IV. Patient Self-Assessment: The Key to Achieving an Ideal Smile
The video emphasizes the importance of patient self-assessment, encouraging active participation in the treatment process to achieve an ideal smile.
• Patients are advised to use a handheld or vanity mirror to carefully observe their facial features and communicate their preferences and expectations to the clinician.
• The video also highlights the importance of perspective in dental treatment. Since human vision involves perspective effects, clinicians must consider the patient’s social distance and visual habits when designing teeth to achieve optimal aesthetics.
Summary
This video provides a professional and detailed explanation of the application of digital facial scanning technology in full-arch reconstruction treatments, while underscoring the significance of patient self-assessment. Its rich content and clear explanations make it a valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about digital dental technology.